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Note: Sordine is the plural, although sordini is sometimes written. ▪ senza sordina / sordine: “without mutes ” to play with the sustain pedal depressed, so the dampers have no muting effect on the strings (dampers are always touching the strings unless lifted with the sustain or sostenuto pedals). ▪ senza misura / senza tempo: “without measure / time” indicates that a song or passage may be played without regards to rhythm or tempo to have rhythmic freedom. ▪ senza: “without” used to clarify other musical commands, as in senza espressione: “without expression.” ▪ sempre: “always” used with other musical commands to keep their effects constant, as in sempre accentato: “accentuation throughout.” ▪ semplice / semplicemente: “simply” to play a passage with no frills or ornamentation to play in a straight-forward manner (but not necessarily without expression). In Italian, this is also referred to as a seconda minore: “minor second interval.” ▪ semitono: “semitone” the smallest interval between notes in modern Western music, commonly called a half step. In word form, most often abbreviated D.S. ▪ segno: “sign” refers to a symbol involved in a complex system of musical repeats. ▪ seconda minore: “minor 2nd” a half-step interval (a semitone). ▪ seconda maggiore: “major 2nd” refers to the common interval consisting of two half steps a whole step. ▪ scherzosamente: used as a command synonymous with scherzando. ▪ scherzetto refers to a shorter scherzando. ▪ scherzandissimo is a command that means “very playful.”
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Often used to describe or title a musical composition that has a playful, child-like character. ▪ scherzando: “playfully” to play in a joking or light-hearted and happy manner when used as a musical command.